Medical Case Reports

Encephalitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the brain, characterized by the swelling of the brain tissue. This inflammation is often triggered by viral infections, although it can also result from bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders, or vaccination.  Multiple cases have been presented in the literature.  Anti NMDA Autoimmune Encephalitis in a Pediatric Patient: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system. In this condition, the body's immune system mistakenly targets and attacks NMDA receptors in the brain. NMDA receptors are essential for normal brain function, and their dysfunction can lead to a range of neurological symptoms. The condition is often associated with the presence of antibodies against the NMDA receptors. The case involves a 13-year-old female who developed anti-NMDA autoimmune encephalitis after receiving the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The patient presented with subacute neurologic...

A previously healthy woman in her 60s had mild fever and uneventful course after the 1st dose of  ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, but  developed behavioral problems and refusal to take food, one day after receiving the second dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination (dose interval 84 days). Her condition progressed rapidly with onset of confusion, forgetfulness, and hallucinations within the next 5 days. Over the next two days, the patient developed difficulty in walking and echolalia. She was prescribed amantadine, trihexyphenidyl and clonazepam by a local practitioner but she showed further deterioration in the form of irritability, incoherent speech, aggravated forgetfulness, auditory and visual hallucinations, abnormal movements of limbs, and jaw and neck dystonia. The patient had a serum anti-Spike protein IgG titer of 1891.5 AU/mL (non-reactive<50 AU/mL) at 37 days post-second dose. An initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain had revealed FLAIR hyperintensity in bila...

38-year-old woman  without systemic disease presented with acute-onset amnesia, language disturbance, and seizure two weeks after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a subacute infarction at the right internal capsule and irregular vascular contour, which indicated a vasculopathy. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed inflammation without pleocytosis, and electroencephalography detected diffuse background slowing with sharp transients at the right temporal region.   Although autoantibody tests were negative, steroid pulse therapy was initiated. The patient's symptoms improved rapidly. The patient was discharged without neurological deficit or sequelae. One week after discharge, the patient received repeat EEG, which revealed resolved slow waves without epileptiform discharges. Three months later, repeated brain MRI revealed regressive change of previous irregularity of vascular contour. (Fig. C)  Cases of post-vaccinal...

A 34-year-old woman began experiencing horrific headaches eight days after the dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine in March 2021. As her condition worsened, she was taken to a hospital, where she was pronounced dead 17 hours later, on March 24, 2021. At the time of her death, there was not enough information about the relationship between the COVID-19 jab and brain bleeding.  Te cause of deaths was determined as Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT) She was a kind, fun-loving mother of two boys who loved to dance. REFERENCES Covid: Woman died from rare vaccine side-effect - BBC News UK: COVID-19 Vaccine Caused Woman's Death, Coroner Rules (businessinsider.com)

An 18-year-old woman started experiencing symptoms 9 days after vaccination.  She checked into the emergency room complaining of severe headaches and extreme light sensitivity. A CT scan and neurological tests found nothing, so doctors discharged her and recommended to return in 15 days for further tests. But she returned to the hospital just two days later. She now suffered from paralysis in at least one part of her body. This time she was diagnosed with  cavernous sinus thrombosis , meaning a blood clot in the space between the eye sockets and brain. It blocked the primary vein between her head and the heart. Doctors also discovered that she had a brain bleed . She underwent two surgeries, one to remove the blood clot and the second to relieve pressure in her head caused by the bleeding. But the damage was done.  She died 5 days later,  She was previously healthy and was not taking any medications.  REFERENCES Camilla, who died at the age of 18 after AstraZene...

Previously healthy woman in her thirties develops headaches one week after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, is admitted in the emergency department with slurred speech, uncoordinated movements and reduced consciousness, dies from thrombocytopenia. Post mortem examination reveals antibodies to PF4 and fresh small thrombii the transverse sinus, frontal lobe and pulmonary artery. Fatal cerebral haemorrhage after COVID-19 vaccine Tor Halvor Bjørnstad-Tuveng ,  Anders Rudjord ,  Peder Anker PMID:  33928772   DOI:  10.4045/tidsskr.21.0312 Read more