Emerging Pathogens, Vaccine and Breakthrough Infection News and Medical Cases
No significant difference in hospitalization between immunized and non-immunized found for SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant
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A study of vaccinated and unvaccinated residents of Bangladesh observed that ChAdOx1 could not prevent the new infection or severe COVID-19 disease outcome with single dose when infections were mostly caused by B.1.351 (the Beta) variants of SARS-CoV2.
About 39% (n = 42) of the respondents were infected after the COVID-19 vaccination. The first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine was received by 40 (37.0%) cases and both doses were completed by only 2 (2%) cases. The average duration between vaccination (partially or completely immunized) and COVID 19 diagnosis was 32 (±17) days.
The hospitalization rate of comorbid patients was 23.5% among the immunized and 24.1% among the nonimmunized groups. There was no significant difference in duration of hospitalization either (p=0.78).
Genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern identified from the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 immunized patients from Southwest part of Bangladesh
Al-Emran HM, Hasan MS, Setu MA, Rahman MS, Alam AR, Sarkar SL, Islam MT, Islam MR, Rahman MM, Islam OK, Jahid IK. Genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern identified from the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 immunized patients from Southwest part of Bangladesh. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2021 Dec 7.
A 25-year-old female developed partial loss of smell 2 days after the injection of the AstraZeneca vaccine (first injection). The taste evaluation was normal. Patient did not take any medication and did not follow olfactory training. She reported that the smell disorder lasted 10 days. Patient did not report adverse event after the second vaccine injection. A 27-year-old female experienced loss of smell after the first injection of the AstraZeneca vaccine. The patient medical history was unremarkable. She perceived an improvement of smell sense 9 days after the vaccine without olfactory training or medical treatment. Patient did not report adverse event after the second vaccine injection. A 51-year-old female developed total loss of smell 2 days after the first injection of AstraZeneca vaccine. She also reported arthralgia, fever, and chills during a few days. The total loss of smell persisted one week with a subsequent progressive improvement of smell. The patient report...
mRNA vaccination can, in relatively rare cases, trigger a spectrum of immune-mediated cardiac effects ranging from transient myocardial inflammation and biomarker elevation to clinically apparent myocarditis, with fulminant myocarditis representing the most severe but least common manifestation A new Stanford Medicine study sheds light on a long-standing question: why do mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines could cause myocarditis, particularly in young males? Importantly, the findings also point toward possible ways to reduce this risk without undermining vaccine effectiveness. The researchers identified a two-step immune reaction behind vaccine-associated myocarditis. After vaccination, macrophages (frontline immune cells) release a signaling protein called CXCL10. This, in turn, activates T cells, which produce another inflammatory molecule, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Together, these cytokines act as a “tag team,” driving inflammation that can directly injure heart muscle cells and attract a...
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is an autoimmune, multi-systemic disease which can occur due to viral infection or vaccination. It affects many body systems, including as the eyes, ears, skin, and the covering of the brain and spinal cord (the meninges). The most noticeable symptom is a rapid loss of vision. A 62-year-old healthy female patient developed a severe headache and tinnitus 2 days after receiving COVID-19 immunization with the Oxford-AstraZeneca Chimpanzee Adenovirus Vectored Vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222). Two days later she developed an acute loss of vision in both eyes. Fundus examination showed a serous retinal detachment and optic disc hyperemia OU (see Figure). Four more cases that had a likely association between VKH disease and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination were reported this week in " Ocular Immunology and Inflammation" . Two patients had VKH symptoms within 1 and 2 weeks after rec...
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