Medical Case Reports

 The lymphatic system in our body acts as a sewage system, filtering out waste and helping fight infections. Axillary lymphadenopathy is a condition where the lymph nodes (small, bean-shaped structures in the lymphatic system) located in the armpit (axilla) area swell up. This usually happens when the body is trying to fight off an infection or in response to certain medications or vaccines. The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that send signals from your spinal cord to your shoulder, arm, and hand. A plexopathy is a disorder that affects this network of nerves, leading to various symptoms including pain, numbness, and muscle weakness in the affected area.  Multiple case reports described lymphadenopathy after COVID-19 vaccination. Previously we talked about vaccine-triggered  Parsonage-Turner syndrome , a rare idiopathic brachial plexopathy in a 50-year old male. 34-year-old healthy male also developed brachial plexus neuropraxia (a mild nerve injury) after ge...

 A healthy 24-year-old man with a history of allergic rhinitis experienced tightness in his chest, difficulty breathing, and coughing up blood six months after exposure to COVID-19 (he never tested positive nor experienced any symptoms) and three months after a second dose of the Moderna vaccine.  On arrival, his oxygen level was low, his heart rate was high, he had a fever, and his blood pressure was normal. He looked very sick and was sweating. Electrocardiography (ECG) showed sinus tachycardia with diffuse ST-segment elevation and T-wave inversion (Figure).   There were abnormal sounds in his lungs despite normal X-rays. His heart's electrical activity showed a fast rhythm with changes in the ST-segment and T-wave. Blood tests indicated heart damage and inflammation. An ultrasound of his heart showed that its pumping ability was reduced. A biopsy of his heart muscle confirmed inflammation Tests of fluid from his lungs showed no signs of bleeding or infection. Diag...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common human herpesvirus that infects a majority of adults worldwide, typically transmitted through saliva during childhood. While most EBV infections are asymptomatic or cause mild symptoms, it can lead to conditions such as infectious mononucleosis (IM) in adolescents and young adults. Here we present two cases suggesting a potential link between EBV reactivation and COVID-19 vaccination.  Case 1 : EBV-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder: A 79-year-old male presented with fever, pancytopenia, elevated liver enzyme levels, and other alarming laboratory findings two weeks after receiving the first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Further investigations revealed EBV viremia localized in natural killer (NK) cells, suggesting a diagnosis of EBV-NK-LPD. Despite aggressive treatment attempts, the patient's condition worsened, and he succumbed to the disease two months later. Case 2 : Cutaneous Manifestations and EBV Reactivation: A 24-year-ol...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system, leading to a wide range of neurological symptoms.  While this disease is most commonly diagnosed in individuals in their 20s and 30s, it is rare for MS to result in sudden death in younger patients.  A 19-year-old male soldier received the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech). 3 months later, he started experiencing epileptic seizures during sleep and was admitted to an outside hospital. Since the first seizure, he presented with 5 more generalized tonic-clonic seizures within a week. He had no other symptoms or signs of meningeal irritation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis including culture and viral polymerase chain reaction revealed no abnormalities except for mild pleocytosis. Oligoclonal band and aquaporin-4 antibodies were not detected in the CSF and serum. Brain MRI performed 1 day after the seizure revealed T2 hyperintensities in the periventricula...

 A 21-year-old Caucasian woman with a medical history of hypothyroidism secondary to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, chronic migraine headaches without aura, and anxiety disorder presented to the outpatient electrophysiology clinic following three episodes of syncope within three months - one day, 4 week and 8 weeks after the first dose of the Pfizer BioNTech SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. She was placed on a two-week Holter monitor to rule out conduction abnormalities. An echocardiogram revealed normal left ventricular function, normal wall motion, and no evidence of pericardial effusion, but four days later she was found to have been in a normal sinus rhythm that progressed to sinus bradycardia followed by a sinus arrest with no underlying escape for 8.4 seconds that correlated with her syncope. She then had a few beats of sinus bradycardia, followed by another 3.1-second pause of the same mechanism. Since Holter monitoring during successive episodes showed progressive bradycardia followed by...

Multiple cases of  COVID-19  vaccine-triggered vulvar ulcers have been reported in medical literature.  A  12-year-old healthy girl  without prior sexual activity nor history of oral or genital ulcers presented with a 1-day history of vulvar ulcers with associated swelling and pain three days after receiving the second dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine.  Her condition resolved within 10 days after treatment.  A 12-year-old otherwise-healthy female patient presented with painful vulvar ulcerations that had been present for approximately 5 days, starting from 2 days after her 2nd Pfizer vaccine.  Ulcers healed over the course of 2 weeks after treatment.  A virginal 14-year-old girl reported vulvar pain and visible lesion. Exam findings were consistent with vulvar aphthous ulcers. Two days prior to the onset of her symptoms she received her second Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The evening of vaccine administration, she ex...

A 25-year-old female developed partial loss of smell 2 days after the injection of the AstraZeneca vaccine (first injection).  The taste evaluation was normal. Patient did not take any medication and did not follow olfactory training. She reported that the smell disorder lasted 10 days. Patient did not report adverse event after the second vaccine injection. A 27-year-old female experienced loss of smell after the first injection of the AstraZeneca vaccine. The patient medical history was unremarkable. She perceived an improvement of smell sense 9 days after the vaccine without olfactory training or medical treatment. Patient did not report adverse event after the second vaccine injection.  A 51-year-old female developed total loss of smell 2 days after the first injection of AstraZeneca vaccine. She also reported arthralgia, fever, and chills during a few days. The total loss of smell persisted one week with a subsequent progressive improvement of smell. The patient report...

On the morning of September 27 2021, a 17-year-old boy was found dead on the floor beside his bed. The autopsy disclosed a “slightly enlarged heart,” but there was no indication of a cardiac condition at the time.  Father of the boy obtained a second assessment after being dissatisfied with the findings of the initial autopsy and forwarded the autopsy report to “a second well-known pathologist in Canada who wants to remain anonymous for fear of losing his job.” He was informed by the pathologist that “the vaccine did kill [his] son.” Myocarditis and other post-vaccination heart problems are widespread in those who have gotten the Pfizer vaccine, with young males having a substantially higher frequency of post-vaccination heart problems than those who have had a COVID infection. The  teenager had acquired the vaccine in attempt to pursue hockey, due to proof of vaccination obligations imposed by minor hockey clubs across the province. Although the local gove...

SARS‑CoV‑2 virus  provokes an insult to every singleretinal structure , including retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors, leading to a progressive impairment.  Multiple cases of ocular inflammation after COVID-19 vaccines have been also reported.  A 19-year-old male was diagnosed with Keratitis 2 days after 2nd dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.   He was treated with topical application of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel and ciclosporin and intravenous injection of ganciclovir. Another 19-year-old male   without a history of eye disease experienced blurry vision three weeks after the second dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac, Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China). He was diagnosed with viral keratitis and received ganciclovir ophthalmic gel and levofloxacin eye drops without relief of the ocular symptoms. After admission and  examination in another hospital, the patient was found to have poor eyesight (best-corrected visual ac...

According to the autopsy report and death certificate obtained by  the Defender , for this 26-year-old male "post-Pfizer Covid  vaccination myocarditis has been identified to cause left ventricular dysfunction” that led to his death.  At birth, he was diagnosed with a rare type of blood vessel abnormality inside the brain called Vein of Galen Malformation. This condition could be caused by mutations in  RASA1 gene - i nvolved in numerous physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis ; regulator of immune B cells TGF-β and  EPHB4 involved in cell migration .     He had 13 brain surgeries, endless MRIs, CAT scans, angiograms, pokes, and a final radiation treatment that was a success in eliminating the  arteriovenous malformation (AVM) . He got his first and second doses of Pfizer vaccine as soon as his age group was eligible. He did not have any side effects. Almost 7 months later he received his third shot o...

An 18-year-old woman started experiencing symptoms 9 days after vaccination.  She checked into the emergency room complaining of severe headaches and extreme light sensitivity. A CT scan and neurological tests found nothing, so doctors discharged her and recommended to return in 15 days for further tests. But she returned to the hospital just two days later. She now suffered from paralysis in at least one part of her body. This time she was diagnosed with  cavernous sinus thrombosis , meaning a blood clot in the space between the eye sockets and brain. It blocked the primary vein between her head and the heart. Doctors also discovered that she had a brain bleed . She underwent two surgeries, one to remove the blood clot and the second to relieve pressure in her head caused by the bleeding. But the damage was done.  She died 5 days later,  She was previously healthy and was not taking any medications.  REFERENCES Camilla, who died at the age of 18 after AstraZene...

  Previously healthy young adult experienced mild case of COVID-19 and got vaccinated on the 6th day of symptom onset. 20 days later he received his second dose of the vaccine that caused fatigue and malaise resolved within 2 days. 22 days later he had onset of new fever, malaise, headache, and odynophagia, developed tachycardia,  thrombocytopenia and eventually died from  severe multisystem organ failure despite treatment.   Fatal Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adult after SARS-CoV-2 Natural Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination Abstract We describe a fatal case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an adult with onset 22 days after a second dose of mRNA coronavirus disease vaccine. Serologic and clinical findings indicated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection occurred before vaccination. The immunopathology of this syndrome, regardless of vaccination status, remains poorly understood. Grome HN, Threlkeld M, Threlkeld S, Newman C, Mar...